WPCj 0Pԕu+:OqcN'#@bL'Hƒtwx<"Tp3 `k_ 9pYG#4ta#y6&ic`ҩȟj9]]9sHIvc{,x 't,wFFD"1U "fGb:O?] 0U@*\\FOGHORN\Lexmark Optra S 1650,,,,,,0(hH  Z6Times New Roman RegularX($USUS.,<- &v,l,Backup3|xU2G+J 0_level1  X /%4 4 <DL/23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2D+J 0_level2   ," <DL,23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2A+J 0_level3   ) <DL)23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2>+J 0_level4  ` &<<DL&23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2;+J 0_level5   #DL#23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  28+J 0_level6    DL 23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  25+J 0_level7  h DDL23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  22+J 0_level8   L23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2/+J 0_level9    L23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  2GJ 0_levsl1  X /%4 4 <DL/23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2DJ 0_levsl2   ," <DL,23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2AJ 0_levsl3   ) <DL)23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2>J 0_levsl4  ` &<<DL&23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2;J 0_levsl5   #DL#23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  28J 0_levsl6    DL 23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  25J 0_levsl7  h DDL23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  22J 0_levsl8   L23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2/J 0_levsl9    L23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  2GJ 0_levnl1  X /%4 4 <DL/23   2( 4 <DL2  2DJ 0_levnl2   ," <DL,23   2( 4 <DL2  2AJ 0_levnl3   ) <DL)23   2( 4 <DL2  2>J 0_levnl4  ` &<<DL&23   2( 4 <DL2  2;J 0_levnl5   #DL#23   2( 4 <DL2  28J 0_levnl6    DL 23   2( 4 <DL2  25J 0_levnl7  h DDL23   2( 4 <DL2  22J 0_levnl8   L23   2( 4 <DL2  2/J 0_levnl9    L23   2( 4 <DL2  <:Default ParaXXXXXX\  `&Times New Roman(x-  Z(Times New Roman !USUS.,  _UsingAerialPhotographyandSatelliteImagerytoMonitorChangesintheVegetationof  CheyenneBottomsWildlifeArea._Houts_Ԁetal.2002.*X2XXXCentralPlainsAquatic_Bioassessment_Ԁand  _Biocriteria_ԀSymposium#X2XX*X2#.Sept1819,Lawrence,Kansas.     `     h     UsingAerialPhotographyandSatelliteImageryto @  ЀMonitorChangesintheVegetationofCheyenneBottomsWildlifeArea 0  R   @ MichaelE._Houts_,K.JanOliver,JimVon_Loh_,KevinP.Price,Keith_.Sexton `     ` KansasAppliedRemoteSensingProgram,UniversityofKansas P     `   X'X2XXX2TheCheyenneBottomsWildlifeArea#X2XX'X2#'X2XXX2Ԁ(_CHBWA_)isa19,857acrewetlandlocatedin 0  centralKansas,andisacriticalstopoverpointinthecentralflywayforapproximatelyhalfofthe   migratingwaterfowlandshorebirdsofNorthAmerica.In1998,afiveyearprojectbeganthat  used#X2XX'X2#'X2XXX2GeographicInformationSystems(GIS)technologytocreateadatabaseofvegetation  communitiestosupportparkpersonnelwithmanagementofthe_CHBWA_.Withthe  maintenanceofvegetationcommunitiesandwaterlevelsbeingcriticalforpreservinghabitat  function,#X2XX'X2#'X2XXX2specialemphasiswasplacedonmonitoringtheextentandconditionofcattailpatches.  Thiswasimportantbecausecattailswereencroachingonsaturatedsoilsandshallowwaterareas, p therebydecreasingtheareaavailabletowadingbirdsandwaterfowl. ` #X2XX'X20#'X2XXX2ԀEachsummer,nearinfrared(_NIR_)photographywasacquiredover_CHBWA_Ԁand P processedtoproducea_NIR_Ԁdigital_orthorectified_Ԁphotographwithaonemeterspatialresolution. @ Personnelcollectedgroundtruthdatawithinthe_CHBWA_Ԁeachsummer,thendigitized 0 vegetationcommunitiesfromvisualinterpretationofthe_orthophotograph_#X2XX'X2 #'X2XXX2.#X2XX'X23 #'X2XXX2Ԁ#X2XX'X2v #'X2XXX2ԀNow,astheproject  p drawstoaclose,theresultsoftheprojectareexamined,andnewtechniquesarebeingexplored ` thatmayassistinthecontinuedmonitoringof_CHBWA_. P Overthecourseofthisstudy,thetotalareaofcattaildecreasedfrom6,841acresin1989, @ to3,865acresin2001.Observationsshowthatlongtermfloodingwasthemosteffectiveform 0 ofcattailmanagement,although,burning,discing,herbicides,andbiologicalcontrol   (caterpillars)alsoshowedsuccessinreducingtheareaofcattailstands.Theuseofmulti ! temporal,moderatespatialresolution(30and15meters)satelliteimagesoftheareawere "  investigatedasapotentialwaytocontinuemonitoring_CHBWA_.Despitepromisinginitial #! observations,theconstantfluxinwaterlevelsandsoilmoisturemadeitdifficulttoaccurately $" classifyvegetationcommunitiesusingmultitemporalsatellitedata.#X2XX'X2 #'X2XXX2 % #   X#X2XX'X2|#   `     h      p